Historic Centre of The City of Salzburg,
UNESCO site
Date of Inscription: 1996
Country: Austria
Salzburg has managed to preserve an extraordinarily rich
urban fabric, developed over the period from the Middle Ages to the 19th
century when it was a city-state ruled by a prince-archbishop. Its Flamboyant
Gothic art attracted many craftsmen and artists before the city became even
better known through the work of the Italian architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and
Santini Solari, to whom the centre of Salzburg owes much of its Baroque
appearance. This meeting-point of northern and southern Europe perhaps sparked
the genius of Salzburg’s most famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose name
has been associated with the city ever since.
Salzburg is an outstanding example of an ecclesiastical
city-state, peculiar to the Holy Roman Empire, from Prussia to Italy. Most
disappeared as political and administrative units in the early 19th century and
adopted alternative trajectories of development. No other example of this type
of political organism has survived so completely, preserving its urban fabric
and individual buildings to such a remarkable degree as Salzburg.
Salzburg is the point where the Italian and German cultures
met and which played a crucial role in the exchanges between these two
cultures. The result is a Baroque town that has emerged intact from history,
and exceptional material testimony of a particular culture and period. The
centre of Salzburg owes much of its Baroque appearance to the Italian
architects Vincenzo Scamozzi and Santino Solari.
The Salzburg skyline, against a backdrop of mountains, is
characterized by its profusion of spires and domes, dominated by the fortress
of HohenSalzburg. It contains a number of buildings, both secular and
ecclesiastical, of very high quality from periods ranging from the late Middle
Ages to the 20th Century. There is a clear
separation, visible on the ground and on the map, between the lands of the
Prince-Archbishops and those of the burghers. The former is characterized by
its monumental buildings - the Cathedral, the Residence, the Franciscan Abbey,
the Abbey of St Peter - and its open spaces, the Domplatz in particular. The
burghers' houses, by contrast, are on small plots and front onto narrow
streets, with the only open spaces provided by the three historic markets.
Salzburg is rich in buildings from the Gothic period onwards, which combine to
create a townscape and urban fabric of great individuality and beauty.
Salzburg is also intimately associated with many important
artists and musicians, preeminent among them Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Sent: 28/8/2015
Arrived: 12/9/2015
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